The ASEC race may be the least familiar contest on the Haitian ballot, an assembly whose name many voters have never heard, elected in the smallest territorial community recognized by the Republic. Yet follow the institutional chain that begins with this vote and it reaches much further than most people realize: municipal assemblies, departmental assemblies, departmental councils, judicial appointment processes, and ultimately the institution responsible for organizing Haiti's elections. No other local vote begins such a long constitutional chain.
In short
Each communal section elects, alongside its CASEC, an Assembly of the Communal Section, the ASEC (art. 63-1). The CASEC is the section's elected administrative council; the ASEC is its elected assembly, bringing representatives of the community together to deliberate on matters concerning the section. The number of ASEC members depends on the section's electorate: under the current electoral framework, a section elects 5, 7, or 9 representatives, depending on the number of registered electors. The ASEC is elected during the February 21, 2027 local-election phase. Most importantly, the ASEC is the first directly elected link in Haiti's system of indirect territorial institutions: its members participate in the process that produces higher-level assemblies and councils that citizens do not elect directly.
CASEC and ASEC: two parts of the same local system
The Constitution gives every communal section two elected institutions. The CASEC, the Conseil d'administration de la section communale, is the three-member council responsible for administering the section. The ASEC is the elected assembly of the section, composed of representatives whose role is to deliberate on matters concerning their community and participate in the wider system of territorial administration (art. 63-1).
Think of the distinction this way: the CASEC administers; the ASEC represents and deliberates. The two institutions are designed to work together rather than place all local authority in a single body. The same basic principle appears throughout Haiti's decentralized architecture: executive bodies operate, while assemblies provide representation and participate in decisions at the next level.
The first link in the indirect chain
The ASEC's importance becomes clearer when you look beyond the communal section. Haiti's Constitution builds several territorial institutions indirectly, from the local level upward. The ASEC is where that chain begins.
- The ASEC feeds the Municipal Assembly. Each communal section is represented in its commune's Municipal Assembly (art. 67). Members of the ASEC participate in choosing that representative.
- The Municipal Assembly feeds the Departmental Assembly. Representatives of the Municipal Assemblies participate in forming the Departmental Assembly (art. 80).
- The Departmental Assembly elects the Departmental Council. The Departmental Council is the three-member executive body responsible for administering the département (art. 78).
- The Departmental Assemblies participate in the Interdepartmental Council. The Interdepartmental Council includes one representative from each département and participates in the national government's deliberations on decentralization and development matters (arts. 87 and 87-3).
- The territorial assemblies also participate in judicial appointment processes. The Constitution assigns communal and departmental assemblies roles in preparing lists used in the appointment of certain judges (art. 175).
- Where the chain stops. The 1987 text ran this ladder all the way to the electoral authority: the nine members of the Permanent Electoral Council were to be drawn from lists of three names proposed by each departmental assembly. The 2011 amendment removed that link. Under art. 192 as amended, the nine members are chosen three by the executive, three by the Superior Council of the Judicial Power and three by the National Assembly, by a two-thirds vote in each chamber. The territorial ladder still reaches the judiciary and the Council of Ministers, but no longer the electoral council.
This is why the ASEC matters beyond its own section. You elect the ASEC directly; many of the institutions higher in this territorial structure are chosen indirectly. Your vote is therefore the first direct link in a chain that extends far beyond your immediate community.
How many ASEC members are elected?
Unlike the CASEC, which always has three members, the size of the ASEC depends on the number of registered electors in the communal section. Under the current electoral framework:
- Fewer than 10,000 electors: 5 representatives, including at least 2 women.
- 10,001 to 20,000 electors: 7 representatives, including at least 3 women.
- More than 20,000 electors: 9 representatives, including at least 3 women.
Those thresholds, and the minimum number of women in each case, are set by art. 120 of the electoral decree. The size of the assembly therefore reflects the section's electorate, not simply its area or its population.
How the ASEC is elected
- One race per communal section, the same territorial unit in which CASEC members are elected.
- You elect the ASEC representatives directly. The ASEC is not an indirectly appointed body; its members receive their mandate from voters in the communal section.
- Election date: February 21, 2027, the local-election phase of this electoral cycle.
- Number of seats: 5, 7, or 9, depending on the number of registered electors in the section, under the applicable electoral rules.
- Single round, by cartel, ASEC, CASEC and municipal elections are held by list or cartel in one round (art. 74).
- Eligibility (art. 119): candidates must be Haitian and at least 25 years old, have resided in the communal section for two years before the election and continue to reside there, enjoy their civil and political rights, never have been sentenced to an afflictive or infamous penalty, hold a valid CIN, be registered on the electoral roll, be in good standing with the tax authorities, and have received discharge if they have handled public funds.
Why this vote matters
The ASEC may not have the visibility of a presidential or parliamentary race, but its institutional reach is unusually long. The person you elect is not simply choosing what happens on your hillside or in your rural neighborhood. Through the representative chosen by the ASEC, your community participates in the formation of the Municipal Assembly; that structure feeds into the Departmental Assembly; and the Departmental Assembly participates in selecting institutions far beyond the commune.
That does not mean an ASEC member personally appoints a judge, chooses a departmental council, or selects a member of the Electoral Council. The system is indirect and passes through several stages. But it does mean that the chain begins with your vote.
Questions people ask
How many people does an ASEC have?
Five, seven or nine, depending on the number of registered electors in the communal section. See How many ASEC members are elected?
Why does the smallest election on the ballot matter?
Because it starts the longest chain. The ASEC feeds the municipal assembly, which feeds the departmental assembly and council, and the chain reaches judicial appointment processes and the body that organises elections. See The first link in the indirect chain.
What is the difference between the ASEC and the CASEC?
The CASEC is the three-member council that administers the section; the ASEC is its elected assembly, which deliberates and represents (art. 63-1). See Two parts of the same local system.
When is the ASEC elected?
On 21 February 2027, in the single round reserved for the local races. See How the ASEC is elected.
What it changes in your daily life
At the local level, the ASEC gives your community a voice in how its affairs are represented and how its needs move upward through the territorial system. It is the assembly that can ask what the section needs, what priorities should be defended, and how the local administration is functioning.
But its importance does not stop at the section boundary. The municipal representatives, departmental institutions and other bodies further up the chain are connected through an architecture that starts with local representation. The ASEC is therefore one of the easiest offices to overlook, and one of the hardest to understand without seeing the whole system.
Five, seven, or nine names on your ballot. One small section. A chain that reaches across the Republic.